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Source: Xin Gai, Duk-Yong Choi, Steve Madden, Barry Luther-Davies, "Interplay between Raman scattering and four-wave mixing in ${As}_{2} S_{3}$ chalcogenide glass waveguides," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 28(11) 2777-2784 (2011); https://www.osapublishing.org/josab/abstract.cfm?URI=josab-28-11-2777 Caption: Numerical simulations of amplification of white noise by FWM and SRS as a function of propagation length.	Source: Suxia Xie, Hongjian Li, Xin Zhou, Haiqing Xu, Zhimin Liu, "Tunable optical transmission through gold slit arrays with Z-shaped channels," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 28(3) 441-447 (2011); https://www.osapublishing.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-28-3-441 Caption: Transmission spectra through a lattice of periodic gold film perforated with Z-shaped slits with slit widths w 2 = 25 , 50, 100, 150 nm . h = 500 nm , l = 800 nm , s 2 = 450 nm , w 1 = w 3 = 150 nm .	Source: Meiling Dai, Fujun Yang, Xiaoyuan He, "Single-shot color fringe projection for three-dimensional shape measurement of objects with discontinuities," Appl. Opt. 51(12) 2062-2069 (2012); https://www.osapublishing.org/ao/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-51-12-2062 Caption: (a)–(d) Color fringe image acquired by a color CCD camera and its RGB components, (e) image results from the division operation applied to image in (b) and (d). The background is clipped to enhance the detail of the fringes, (f) binary image obtained from (d).	Source: Nils J. Krichel, Aongus McCarthy, Gerald S. Buller, "Resolving range ambiguity in a photon counting depth imager operating at kilometer distances," Opt. Express 18(9) 9192-9206 (2010); https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-9-9192 Caption: 20 × 24 pixel scan of a life-size mannequin at 324 m distance. fSample = 2 GHz, 7 × 106 pulses s−1, 16 ps histogram binning size, pattern length b = 16384 bits, 2 s per-pixel dwell time. Measurement acquired using a shallow-junction SPAD. (a) Close-up photograph of the scene. (b) Segmented surface plot of the scan, including several pixels locking onto background objects.
Source: Alison M. Yao, Miles J. Padgett, "Orbital angular momentum: origins, behavior and applications," Adv. Opt. Photon. 3(2) 161-204 (2011); https://www.osapublishing.org/aop/abstract.cfm?URI=aop-3-2-161 Caption: Normalized intensity (top) and phase (bottom) profiles of some superpositions of Laguerre–Gaussian modes: L G 01 + L G 05 , L G 0 − 5 + L G 05 , and L G 10 + L G 05 (left to right).	Source: H. Subramanian, P. Viswanathan, L. Cherkezyan, R. Iyengar, S. Rozhok, M. Verleye, J. Derbas, J. Czarnecki, H. K. Roy, V. Backman, "Procedures for risk-stratification of lung cancer using buccal nanocytology," Biomed. Opt. Express 7(9) 3795-3810 (2016); https://www.osapublishing.org/boe/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-7-9-3795 Caption: Examples of buccal squamous epithelial cells found on prepared specimen slides. (a) Representative transmission image of two overlapping cells and (d) the corresponding spatially resolved map Σ(x, y) calculated by PWS. (b) Example of a folded isolated cell and (e) the corresponding map of Σ. (c) Isolated, non-folded cell classified as “suitable” for our study and (f) the corresponding Σ(x, y).	$7 Phase distribution of the diffraction pattern observed at z ∕ L = 2.0 , caused by a finite-radius SPP with fractional topological charge α = 2.5 . We can see the chain of unit strength vortices on the + x axis.$ Source: Hipolito Garcia-Gracia, Julio C. Gutiérrez-Vega, "Diffraction of plane waves by finite-radius spiral phase plates of integer and fractional topological charge," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 26(4) 794-803 (2009); https://www.osapublishing.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-26-4-794 Caption: Phase distribution of the diffraction pattern observed at z ∕ L = 2.0 , caused by a finite-radius SPP with fractional topological charge α = 2.5 . We can see the chain of unit strength vortices on the + x axis.	Source: Aurelien Bourquard, Francois Aguet, Michael Unser, "Optical imaging using binary sensors," Opt. Express 18(5) 4876-4888 (2010); https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-5-4876 Caption: Peppers image. (a) Original object (b) Conventional solution with minimum-error threshold (Lloyd-Max): SNR = 13.72 dB (c) Binary acquisition using our method (d) Reconstruction using our method: SNR = 19.10 dB
Source: Yaroslav V. Kartashov, Chao Hang, Guoxiang Huang, Lluis Torner, "Three-dimensional topological solitons in $PT$ -symmetric optical lattices," Optica 3(10) 1048-1055 (2016); https://www.osapublishing.org/optica/abstract.cfm?URI=optica-3-10-1048 Caption: Profile of a stable l = + 1 vortex soliton with b = 4.4 , p i = 0.55 . Isosurface depicting the field modulus distribution (left) at \| q \| = 0.07 .	Source: Genta Sato, Takeshi Kondoh, Hidenosuke Itoh, Soichiro Handa, Kimiaki Yamaguchi, Takashi Nakamura, Kentaro Nagai, Chidane Ouchi, Takayuki Teshima, Yutaka Setomoto, Toru Den, "Two-dimensional gratings-based phase-contrast imaging using a conventional x-ray tube," Opt. Lett. 36(18) 3551-3553 (2011); https://www.osapublishing.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-36-18-3551 Caption: Comparison of x-ray images of (a) cartilage on a chicken’s bone and (e) a tomato. The cartilage is shown clearly in (c) the differential phase image compared to (b) the absorption and (d) the scattering images. The inner structure of the tomato can be seen in (h) the scattering image, whereas (f) the absorption and (g) the differential phase images do not show any profiles.	Source: Takashi Notake, Kouji Nawata, Hiroshi Kawamata, Takeshi Matsukawa, Hiroaki Minamide, "Solution growth of high-quality organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline crystal for ultra-wideband tunable DFG-THz source," Opt. Mater. Express 2(2) 119-125 (2012); https://www.osapublishing.org/ome/abstract.cfm?URI=ome-2-2-119 Caption: Calculation result of prospective THz-wave intensity via BNA-DFG under the consideration of perfect phase matching and absorption effect.	$12 Liquid-crystal SLMs allow unprecedented control in the generation and detection of structured light fields. (a) Long exposure image of laser light diffracted from the pixelated device. (b) CCD camera image showing the various diffraction orders. Efficiencies are typically in the 60%–85% range.$ Source: Andrew Forbes, Angela Dudley, Melanie McLaren, "Creation and detection of optical modes with spatial light modulators," Adv. Opt. Photon. 8(2) 200-227 (2016); https://www.osapublishing.org/aop/abstract.cfm?URI=aop-8-2-200 Caption: Liquid-crystal SLMs allow unprecedented control in the generation and detection of structured light fields. (a) Long exposure image of laser light diffracted from the pixelated device. (b) CCD camera image showing the various diffraction orders. Efficiencies are typically in the 60%–85% range.